Learn the fundamentals.
Foundational guides for stock investors. Plain English. SEC-document-cited. No promotional content, no investment recommendations — just the mechanics of how public-company finance works and how to read the documents that drive stock prices.
What this section will cover
How to Read a Form 10-QWhat's in a Form 10-Q, where the issuer-purchase table lives, how to find capital allocation signals, and what management discussion (MD&A) actually means.
How to Read a Form 8-KThe 8-K is the SEC's 'breaking news' filing — we walk through how to spot a buyback authorization, dividend increase, executive change, or material agreement.
Shareholder Yield ExplainedWhy shareholder yield (dividends + net buybacks / market cap) is a better capital-return signal than dividend yield alone — with worked examples for AAPL, JPM, and CVX.
Insider Trading: Signal vs NoiseWhen insider buys are meaningful, when they're noise, what 10b5-1 disclosures change, and which insider categories matter most (CEO vs director vs 10% owner).
Buybacks vs DividendsWhy some companies prefer buybacks and others prefer dividends — tax efficiency, signaling, flexibility, share-count mechanics. Real examples across sectors.
What is Rule 10b-18?The SEC safe harbor that defines how public companies can legally repurchase their own stock — daily volume limits, time-of-day restrictions, broker requirements. Read full glossary entry →
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